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References used for species in the Family Bolinopsidae
( sea walnuts )
 
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[ n = 107 ] 
RefNo
 Description
Afzelius, B.A., 1961 The fine structure of the cilia from ctenophore swimming-plates. Journal of Biophysical and Biochemical Cytology 9:383-394.
Anctil, M. and O. Shimomura, 1984 Mechanism of photoinactivation and re-activation in the bioluminescence system of the ctenophore Mnemiopsis. Biochemical Journal 221:269-272.
Bailey, T.G., M.J. Youngbluth and G.P. Owen, 1994 Chemical composition and oxygen consumption rates of the stenophore Bolinopsis infundibulum from the Gulf of Maine. Journal of Plankton Research 16:673-689.
Bailey, T.G., M.J. Youngbluth and G.P. Owen, 1994 Chemical composition and oxygen consumption rates of the stenophore Bolinopsis infundibulum from the Gulf of Maine. Journal of Plankton Research 16:673-689.
Bartley, D.M. (comp./ed.), 2006 DIAS. Introduced species in fisheries and aquaculture: information for responsible use and control (CD-ROM). Rome, FAO.
Bigelow, H.B., 1912 Ctenophores of the Atlantic coasts of the North America. Science (New Series) 36(921):243-244.
Bisby, F.A., M.A. Ruggiero, K.L. Wilson, M. Cachuela-Palacio, S.W. Kimani, Y.R. Roskov, A. Soulier-Perkins and J. van Hertum, 2005 Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2005 Annual Checklist. CD-ROM; Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
Bishop, J.W., 1972 Ctenophores of the Chesapeake Bay. Taxa and Special Effects Summaries S98-S100.
Buecher, E., C. Sparks, A. Brierley, H. Boyer and M. Gibbons, 2001 Biometry and size distribution of Chrysaora hysoscella (Cnidaria, Scyphozoa) and Aequorea aequorea (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) off Namibia with some notes on their parasite Hyperia medusarum. Journal of Plankton Research 23(10):1073-1080.
Cairns, S.D., D.R. Calder, A. Brinckmann-Voss, C.B. Castro, D.G. Fautin, P.R. Pugh, C.E. Mills, W.C. Jaap, M.N. Arai, S.H.D. Haddock and D.M. Opresko, 2003 Common and Scientific Names of Aquatic Invertebrates from the United States and Canada: Cnidaria and Ctenophore, Second Edition. American Fisheries Society Special Publication, no,28. XI+115.
Calder, D.R., 1972 Tentative outline for inventory of planktonic Cnidaria: Chrysaora quinquecirrha (stinging nettle). Chesapeake Science 13 (Suppl.: Biota of the Chesapeake Bay): S179-S181.
Census of marine life's education and outreach team, 2008 Census of Marine Life: 2007/2008 highlights report. University of Rhode Island Graduate School of Oceanography's Office of Marine Programs.
Corrales-Ugalde, M., A.J. Quesada, B. Naranjo-Elizondo and J. Cortés, 2017 New records of gelatinous zooplankton from an oceanic island in the Eastern Tropical Pacific. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 1-8.
Costello, D.P. and C. Henley, 1971 Methods for obtaining and handling marine eggs and embryos. Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA (Second Edition).
Costello, J.H. and H.W. Mianzani, 2003 Sampling field distributions of Mnemiopsis leidyi (Ctenophora, Lobata): planktonic or benthic methods?. Journal of Plankton Research Vol. 25, number 4, 455-459, 2003.
Deason, E.E., 1982 Mnemiopsis leidyi (Ctenophora) in Narragansett Bay, 1975-79: abundance, size composition and estimation of grazing. Estuarine and Coastal Shelf Science 15:121-134.
Diciotti, R., J. Culurgioni, S. Serra, M. Trentadue, G. Chessa, C.T. Satta, T. Caddeo, A. Luglie, N. Sechi and N. Fois, 2016 First detection of Mnemiopsis leidyi (Ctenophora, Bolinopsidae) in Sardinia (S’Ena Arrubia Lagoon, Western Mediterranean): a threat for local fishery and species recruitment. Mediterranean Marine Science 17(3):714-719.
Drumm, D.T., K.P. Maslenikov, R. Van Syoc, J.W. Orr, R.R. Lauth, D.E. Stevenson and T.W. Pietsch, 2016 An annotated checklist of the marine macroinvertebrates of Alaska. NOAA Professional Paper NMFS 19, 289 p. doi:10.7755/PP.19
Erdogan, N., E. Duzgunes, H. Ogut and N. Kasapoglu, 2010 Introduced species and their impacts in the Black Sea. Rapp. Comm. int. Mer Médit. 39:504.
Ershova, E.A., R.R. Hopercroft and K.N. Kosobokova, 2015 Inter-annual variability of summer mesozooplankton communities of the western Chukchi Sea: 2004-2012. Polar Biology 38(9):1461-1481.
Faasse, M.A. and K.M. Bayha, 2006 The ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi A. Agassiz 1865 in coastal waters of the Netherlands: an unrecognized invasion? Aquatic Invasions 1(4):270-277.
Finenko, G.A., B.E. Anninsky, Z.A. Romanova, G.I. Abolmasova and A.E. Kideys, 2001 Chemical composition, respiration and feeding rates of the new alien ctenophore, Beroe ovata, in the Black Sea. Hydrobiologia 451:177-186.
Finenko, G.A., Z.A. Romanova, G.I. Abolmasova, B.E. Anninsky, L.S. Svetlichny, E.S. Hubareva, L. Bat and A.E. Kideys, 2003 Population dynamics, ingestion, growth and reproduction rates of the invader Beroe ovata and its impact on plankton community in Sevastopol Bay, the Black Sea. Journal of Plankton Research vol. 25, number 5, 539-549, 2003.
Fox, R.S. and E.E. Ruppert, 1985 Shallow-water marine benthic invertebrates of South Carolina: Species identificattion, community composition and symbiotic association. University of South Carolina Press, Columbia, SC (USA).
Garilao, N., 2014 Baltic Sea species list. Personal communication, 25 April 2014. Provided excel file.
GESAMP, (IMO/FAO/UNESCO-IOC/WMO/WHO/IAEA/UN/UNEP Joint Group of Experts on the Scientific Aspects of Environmental Protection), 1997 Opportunistic Settlers and the Problem of the Ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi invasion in the Black Sea. Rep. Stud. GESAMP 58:84pp.
Glagolev, S.M., L.A. Abramova and A.A. Vedenin, 2006 The list of invertebrate animal species of the Chupa Bay (Kandalaksha Gulf, White Sea). The materials of the White Sea Expedition of Moscow Southwest High School Vol. 6. http://herba,su.ru/shipunov/belomor/english/2006/bespy-e.htm [Accessed 23/04/2007]
Gordina, A.D., J.A. Zagorodnyaya, A.E. Kideys, L. Bat and H.H. Satilmis, 2005 Summer ichthyoplankton, food supply of fish larvae and impact of invasive ctenophores on the nutrition of fish larvae in the Black Sea during 2000 and 2001. J. Mar. Biol. Ass. U.K. 85:537-548.
Govoni, J.J. and J.E. Olney, 1991 Potential predation on fish eggs by the lobate ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi within and outside the Chesapeake Bay Plume. Fish. Bull. 89:181-186.
Granhag, L. and A. Hosia, 2015 Feeding and starvation in the native ctenophore Bolinopsis infundibulum and the introduced Mnemiopsis leidyi in the North Sea: implications for ctenophore transport in ships’ ballast water. J. Plankton Res. 37(5): 1006-1010.
Greve, W., 1975 Ctenophora. Fich. Ident. Zooplancton 146, 1975, 6 pp.
Greve, W., F. Reiners, J. Nast and S. Hoffmann, 2004 Helgoland roads meso- and macrozooplankton time-series 1974 to 2004: lessons from 30 years of single spot, high frequency sampling at the only off-shore island of the North Sea. Helgol Mar Res 58:274-288.
Gul, S. and O,M.P. Oliveira, 2015 First records of two lobate comb-jellies (Ctenophora) from the Pakistani coast. Check List 11(4):1677.
Hansson, H.G., 2006 Ctenophores of the Baltic and adjacent seas- the invader Mnemiopsis is here! Aquatic Invations 1(4):295-298.
Harbison, G.R and S.P. Volovik, 1994 The ctenophore, Mnemiopsis leidyi, in the Black Sea: aholoplanktonic organism transported in the ballast of ships. In Non-Indigenous Estuarine and Marine Organisms (NEMO) and Introduced Marine Species. Proceedings of the Conference and Workshop, NOAA Tech. Rep., US Department of Commerce. US Government Printing Office, Washington DC.
Harvey-Clark, C., 1997 Eastern tidepool and reef: north-central Atlantic marinelife guide. Hancock House Publishers, 64pp.
Hoeger, U., 1983 Biochemical composition of ctenophores. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 72:251-261.
Integrated Taxonomic Information System, 2003 Integrated Taxonomic Information System database. http://www.cbif.gc.ca/pls/itisca/taxaget?p_ifx=cbif
Ivanov, V.P., A.M. Kamakin, V.B. Ushivtzev, T. Shiganova, O. Zhukova, N. Aladin, S.I. Wilson, G.R. Harbison and H.J. Dumont, 2006 Invasion of the Caspian Sea by the comb jellyfish Mnemiopsis leidyi (Ctenophora). Biological Invasions 2:255-258.
Javidpuor, J., U. Sommer and T. Shiganova, 2006 First record of Mnemiopsis leidyi A. Agassiz 1865 in the Baltic Sea. Aquatic Invasions 1(4):299-302.
Kasuya, T., 1997 Ecological study on the lobate ctenophore Bolinopsis mikado (Moser) in Tokyo Bay. Ph. D. Thesis, Tokyo University of Fisheries, 181 pp. (in Japanese).
Kasuya, T., T. Ishimaru and M. Murano, 2000 Seasonal Variation in Abundace and Size Composition of the Lobate Ctenophore Bolinopsis mikado (Moser) in Tokyo Bay, Central Japan. Journal of Oceanography, Vol. 56, pp. 419-427, 2000.
Kasuya, T., T. Ishimaru and M. Murano, 2001 In situ Measurement of the Lobate Ctenophore Bolinopsis mikado (Moser) Abundance by the Video Recording System. Journal of Oceanography, Vol. 57, pp, 115-118, 2001.
Khan, M.S.K., S.A. Uddin and M.A. Haque, 2015 Abundance and composition of zooplankton at Sitakunda coast of Chittagong, Bangladesh. Research in Agriculture Livestock and Fisheries 2(1):151-160.
Ki, J.-S., I.-C. Kim and J.-S. Lee, 2008 Molecular characterizations of the Arctic jellies from Svalbard (79°N), Norway, by ribosomal DNA sequences. KOPRI. 2008.09.26. https://repository.kopri.re.kr/handle/201206/7876 [Accessed 17/03/2021].
Kideys, A.E and Z. Romanova, 2001 Distribution of gelatinous macrozooplankton in the southern Black Sea during 1996-1999. Mar. Biol. 139:535-547.
Kideys, A.E., 2002 Fall and rise of the Black Sea ecosystem. SCIENCE 297:1482-1483.
Kideys, A.E. and M. Moghim, 2003 Distrubution of the alien ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi in the Caspian Sea in August 2001. Mar. Biol. 142:163-171.
Kideys, A.E., G.A. Finenko, B.E. Anninsky, T.A. Shiganova, A. Roohi, M.R. Tabari, M. Youseffyan, M.T. Rostamuan, H. Rostami and H. Negarestan, 2004 Physiological characteristics of the Ctenophore Beroe ovata in Caspian Sea water. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 266:111-121.
Kideys, A.E., G.A. Finenko, B.E. Anninsky, T.A. Shiganova, A. Roohi, M.R. Tabari, M. Youseffyan, M.T. Rostamuan, H. Rostami and H. Negarestan, 2004 Physiological characteristics of the Ctenophore Beroe ovata in Caspian Sea water. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 266:111-121.
Kinoshita, J., J. Hiromi and Y. Yamada, 2006 Abundance and biomass of scyphomedusae, Aurelia aurita and Chrysaora melanaster, and Ctenophora, Bolinopsis mikado, with estimates of their feeding impact on zooplankton in Tokyo Bay, Japan. Journal of Oceanography 62:607-615.
Kosobokova, K.N., H. Hanssen, H.-J. Hirche and K. Knickmeier, 1998 Composition and distribution of zooplankton in the Laptev Sea and adjacent Nansen Basin during summer, 1993. Polar Biology 19:63-76.
Kremer, P., 1976 Excretion and body composition of the ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi (A. Agassiz) : comparisons and consequences. Proceedings of the 10th European Marine Biology Symposium, Persoone & Jaspers, eds), Universa Press 1976 2:351-362.
Kremer, P., 1982 Effect of food availability on the metabolism of the ctenophore Mnemiopsis mccradyi. Marine Biology 71:149-156.
Kreps, T.A., J.E. Purcell and K.B. Heidelberg, 1997 Escape of the ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi from the scyphomedusa predator Chrysaora quinquecirrha. Mar. Biol. 128:441-446.
Lamb, A., D. Gibbs and C. Gibbs, 2011 Strait of Georgia biodiversity in relation to bull kelp abundance. Pacific Fisheries Resource Conservation Council, 111p.
Larson, R.J., 1987 In situ Feeding rates of the ctenophores Mnemiopsis mccradyi. Estuaries 10(2):87-91.
Lenz, J., 1973 On the occurrence of the ctenophore Bolinopsis infundibulum (O. F. Müller) in the Western Baltic. ICES Journal of Marine Science 35(Issue 1):32-35.
Lowe, B., 1997 The Role of Ca2+ in Deflection-Induced Excitation of Motile, Mechanoresponsive Balancer Cilia in the Ctenophore Statocyst. The Journal of Experimental Biology 200, 1593-1606, (1997).
Madin, L.P., 1991 Distribution and taxonomy of Zooplankton in the Alboran Sea and Adjacent Mediterranean sea. A literature Survey and field guide. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute Technical Report WHOI-91-26. 200 p.
MarineSpecies.org, 2050 MarineSpecies.org. http://www.marinespecies.org/index.php
Martindale, M.Q. and J.Q. Henry, 1997 Reassessing embryogenesis in the Ctenophora: the inductive role of e1 micromeres in organizing ctene row formation in the 'mosaic' embryo, Mnemiopsis leidyi. Development 124, 1999-2006(1997).
Martorelli, S.R., 1996 First record of encysted metacercariae in Hydrozoan jellyfishes and Ctenophores of the Southern Atlantic. The Journal of Parasitology. 82(2):352-353.
Mianzan, H., E.W. Dawson and C.E. Mills, 2009 Phylum Ctenophora - comb jellies. New Zealand Inventory of Biodiversity 1:49-58.
Miller, R.J., 1974 Distribution and biomass of an estuarine Ctenophore population, Mnemiopsis leidyi (A. Agassiz). Chesapeake Science 15(1):1-8.
Moore, A.R., 1924 Luminescence in Mnemiopsis. Journal of General Physiology 6:403-412.
Moro, L., V. Boelkhe, J. Escatllar and J.J. Bacallado, 2013 Nota sobre la presencia de Ocyropsis crystallina (Rang, 1828) (Ctenophora: Lobata) en las Islas Canarias. Rev. Acad. Canar. Cienc. 25:129-133.
Morris, R.J., M.J. McCartney and A. Schulze-Roebbecke, 1983 Bolinopsis infundibulum (O.F. Mueller): Biochemical composition in relation to diet. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 67:149-157.
Moss, A.G., 2009 Ctenophora of the Gulf of Mexico. pp. 403-411 In Felder, D.L.; Camp, D.K. (eds.) Gulf of Mexico - Origins, Waters, and Biota. Biodiversity. Texas A&M University Press, College Station, Texas.
Mountford, K., 1980 Occurrence and predation by Mnemiopsis leidyi in Barnegat Bay, New Jersey. Est. Coast Shelf Sci., 10, 393-402.
Mutlu, E., 1999 Distribution and abundance of ctenophores and their zooplankton food in theBlack Sea. II. Mnemiopsis leidyi. Mar. Biol. 135:603-613.
Mutlu, E., F. Bingel, A.C. Gücü, V.V. Melnikov, U. Niermann, N.A. Ostra and V.E. Zaika, 1994 Distribution of the new invader Mnemiopsis sp. and the resident Aurelia aurita and Pleurobrachia pileus populations in the Black Sea in the years 1991-1993. ICES Journal of Marine Sciences 51:407-421.
Nakamura, S. and S.L. Tamm, 1985 Calcium control of ciliary reversal in Ionophore-treated and ATP-reactivated comb plates of ctenophores. Journal of Cell Biology 100:1447-1454.
Nelson, M.M., C.F. Phleger, B.D. Mooney and P.D. Nichols, 2000 Lipids of gelatinous Antarctic zooplankton: Cnidaria and Ctenophora. Lipids 35(5):551-559.
Oliveira, O.M., 2006 Pelagis ctenophores from the São Sebastião Channel, Southeastern Brazil. Zootaxa 1183:1-26.
Oviatt, C.A. and P.M. Kremer, 1977 Predatrion on the ctenophore, Mnemiopsis leidyi, by butterfish, Peprilus tricanthus, in Narragansett Bay, Rhode Island. Chesapeake Science 18(2):236-240.
Palomares, M.L.D. and D. Pauly, 2008 The growth of jellyfishes. Hydrobiologia 616:11-21.
Persad, G., R.R. Hopcroft, M.K. Webber and J.C. Roff, 2003 Abundance, biomass and production of ctenophores and medusae off Kingston, Jamaica. Bulletin of Marine Science 73(2):379-396.
Pollock, L.W., 1998 A Practical Guide to the Marine Animals of the Northeastern North America. Rutgers University Press. New Brunswick, New Jersey.
Pollock, L.W., 1998 A Practical Guide to the Marine Animals of the Northeastern North America. Rutgers University Press. New Brunswick, New Jersey.
Purcell, J.E. and J.H. Cowan Jr., 1995 Predation by the scyphomedusan Chrysaora quinquecirrha on Mnemiopsis leidyi ctenophores. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 129:63-70.
Purcell, J.E., R.R. Hopcroft, R.N. Kosobokova and T.E. Whitledge, 2010 Distribution, abundance, and predation effects of epipelagic ctenophores andjellyfish in the western Arctic Ocean. Deep-Sea Research II 57:127-135.
Purcell, J.E., T.A. Shiganova, M.B. Decker and E.D. Houde, 2001 The ctenophore Mnemiopsis in native and exotic habitats: U.S. estuaries versus the Black Sea basin. Hydrobiologia 451:145-176.
Reeve, M.R., 1980 Comparative experimental studies on the feeding of chaetognaths and ctenophores. Journal of Plankton Research 2:381-393.
Reeve, M.R. and L.D. Baker, 1974 Production of two planktonic carnivores (Chaetognath and Ctenophore) in south Florida inshore waters. Fish. Bull. 73:238-248.
Ruiz-Escobar, F., D.K. Valadez-Vargas and O.M.P. Oliveira, 2015 Ctenophores from the Oaxaca coast, including a checklist of species from the Pacific coast of Mexico. Zootaxa 3936(3):435-445.
Ruppert, E.E., R.S. Fox and R.D. Barnes, 2004 Invertebrate Zoology. A functional evolutionary approach. 7th Ed. Brooks/Cole, Thomson Learning learning, Inc. 990 p.
Seravin, L.N., 1998 Ctenophores. (The methodical manual). St. Petersburg,Omsk.+28 bibli.+33 fig.+table 1. 84 p.
Shiganova, T.A., 1994 The ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi and ichthyoplankton in the MarmaraSea in October of 1992. Oceanology, 33, 795-798.
Shiganova, T.A. and Y.V. Bulgakova, 2000 Effect of gelatinous plankton on the Black and Azov Sea fish and their food resources. ICES Journal of Marine Science 57:641-648.
Shiganova, T.A., E.D. Christou, J.V. Bulgakova, I. Siokou-Frangou, S. Zervoudaki and A. Siapatis, 2004 Chapter 4: Distribution and biology of Mnemiopsis leidyi in the Northern Aegean Sea, and comparison with the indigenous Bolinopsis vitrea. pp. 113-135. In H. Dumont, T.A. Shiganova, and U. Niermann. Aquatic Invasions in the Black, Caspian, and Mediterranean Seas: the Ctenophores Mnemiopsis leidyi and Beroe in the Ponto-Caspian and other Aquatic Invasions. Kluwer Academic Publishers.
Shiganova, T.A., E.I. Musaeva, Y.V. Bulkagova, Z.A. Mirzoyan and M.L. Martynyuk, 2003 Invaders ctenophores Mnemiopsis leidyi (A. Agassiz) and Beroe ovata Mayer, 1912, and their influence on the pelagic ecosystem of northeastern Black Sea. Biology Bulletin 30(2):180-190.
Shiganova, T.A., H.J. Dumont, A.F. Sokolsky, A.M. Kamakin, D. Tinenkova and E.K. Kurasheva, 2004 Chapter 3: Population dynamics of Mnemiopsis leidyi in the Caspian Sea, and effects on the Caspian ecosystem. pp. 71-111. In H. Dumont, T.A. Shiganova, and U. Niermann. Aquatic Invasions in the Black, Caspian, and Mediterranean Seas: the Ctenophores Mnemiopsis leidyi and Beroe in the Ponto-Caspian and other Aquatic Invasions. Kluwer Academic Publishers.
Shiganova, T.A., H.U. Riisgård, S. Ghabooli and O.S. Tendal, 2014 First report on Beroe ovata in an unusual mixture of ctenophores in the Great Belt (Denmark). Aquatic Invasions 9(1):111-116.
Shiganova, T.A., Z.A. Mirzoyan, E.A. Studenikina, S.P. Volovik, I. Siokou-Frangou, S. Zervoudaki, E.D. Christou, A.Y. Skirta and H.J. Dumont, 2001 Population development of the invader ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi, in the Black Sea and in other seas of the Mediterranean basin. Mar. Bio., 139, 431-445.
Sirenko, B.I., 2001 List of species of free-living invertebrates of Eurasian Arctic seas and adjacent deep waters. Explor Fauna Seas 51:1-129.
Sullivan, L.J. and D.J. Gifford, 2004 Diet of the Larval Ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi A. Agassiz (Ctenophora, Lobata). Journal of Plankton Research, 2003, 43 pages.
Tamm, S.L. and S. Tamm, 1981 Ciliary reversal without rotation of axonemal structures in ctenophore comb plates. Journal of Cell Biology 89:495-509.
Thuesen, E.V., L.D. Rutherford Jr. and P.L. Brommer, 2005 The role of aerobic metabolism and intragel oxygen in hypoxia tolerance of three ctenophores: Pleurobrachia bachei, Bolinopsis infundibulum and Mnemiopsis leidyi. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom (2005), 85, 627-633.
Toyokawa, M., T. Toda, T. Kikuchi, H. Miyake and J. Hashimoto, 2003 Direct observations of a dense occurrence of Bolinopsis infundibulum (Ctenophora) near the seafloor under the Oyashio and notes on their feeding behavior. Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers 50(6):809-813.
Ulman, A., 2011 Turkish common names for invertebrates. Personal communication, 5 November 2011.
United States National Park Service, 1978 Biscayne National Monument (N.M.), General Management Plan (GMP): Environmental Impact Statement. Northwestern University, 58 pp.
Vostokov, S.V., E.G. Arashkevich, A.V. Dritz and Yu F. Lukashev, 2001 Ecological and Physiological Characteristics of the Ctenophore Beroe ovata in the Coastal Waters of the Black Sea: Abundance, Biomass, Size Distribution, Behavior, Feeding, and Metabolism. Oceanology 41:105-110.
Waggett, R. and J.H. Costello, 1999 Capture mechanisms used by the lobate ctenophore, Mnemiopsis leidyi, preying on the Copepod Acartia tonsa. Journal of Plankton Research 21(11):2037-2052.
Wrobel, D. and C.E. Mills, 1998 Pacific coasts pelagic invertebrates: a guide to the common gelatinous animals. Sea Challengers and the Monterey Bay Aquarium, Monterey, California.112 p.
Youngbluth, M.J., P. Kremer, T.G. Bailey and CA. Jacoby, 1988 Chemical composition, metabolic rates and feeding behavior of the midwater ctenophore Bathocyroe fosteri. Marine Biology 98:87-94.
Yousefian, M. and A.E. Kideys, 2003 Biochemical composition of Mnemiopsis leidyi in the southern Caspian Sea. Fish Physiology and Biochemistry 29:127-131.